An apicectomy is a minor surgical procedure sometimes needed when a standard root canal treatment is not enough to clear an infection. The procedure involves removing the very tip of the tooth's root, known as the apex, along with any infected tissue surrounding it. This is typically considered when an infection persists in the bony area around the root even after the canals have been cleaned and sealed.
The procedure is performed under local anaesthesia so that the patient feels no pain. The dentist or oral surgeon makes a small incision in the gum to reach the root tip directly. After the infected tip is removed, a small filling is often placed to seal the end of the root canal from the bottom. This prevents bacteria from re-entering the area from within the tooth and allows the bone to heal.
This surgical approach is often a last resort to save a tooth that would otherwise need to be extracted. It is particularly useful when a tooth has a complex root structure or if a post and crown are already in place, making a traditional retreatment difficult. By addressing the infection at its source in the jawbone, an apicectomy can provide long-term stability for the tooth.
After the surgery, you may experience some minor swelling and discomfort, which is a normal part of the healing process. Following your dentist's aftercare instructions and maintaining excellent oral hygiene is essential for recovery. In India, it is important to avoid using tobacco or betel nut during the healing phase, as these can interfere with the body's ability to repair the gum and bone tissue.