Bleeding gums are most frequently noticed while brushing or flossing and are often a primary sign of gingivitis, the early stage of gum disease. This happens when plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, builds up along the gum line. If not removed, the bacteria irritate the gums, making them red, swollen, and prone to bleeding even with gentle contact.
In India, the use of tobacco products, including smokeless tobacco, is a significant risk factor that can worsen gum health and mask symptoms. Tobacco can restrict blood flow, meaning gums might not bleed even when they are severely diseased, which can delay diagnosis. It is vital to mention any tobacco use to your dentist during your consultation for an accurate assessment.
A dentist diagnoses gum issues by using a special probe to measure the space between your teeth and gums, known as periodontal pockets. They also check for the presence of tartar, which is hardened plaque that cannot be removed by brushing alone. Early diagnosis is key, as gingivitis is usually reversible with professional cleaning and improved oral hygiene at home.
Ignoring bleeding gums can lead to periodontitis, a more serious condition where the bone supporting the teeth is damaged. If your gums bleed regularly, you should book an appointment with a registered dentist. They can provide a thorough cleaning and give you a tailored plan to prevent the condition from progressing and affecting your overall health.