When decay reaches the deeper layers of the dentine, it gets very close to the dental pulp, which contains the tooth's nerves and blood vessels. In these cases, the dentist must take extra care to protect the pulp from irritation and infection. If the pulp remains healthy, the goal is to treat the cavity while avoiding the need for a root canal.
During treatment, the dentist removes the decayed material and may apply a special protective liner or base. These materials act as a barrier, insulating the nerve from temperature changes and chemical irritation from the filling material. Some of these liners also contain minerals that encourage the tooth to form a new layer of protective dentine.
This approach, often called pulp capping, is a way to maintain the vitality of the tooth. By protecting the pulp, the dentist helps ensure the tooth remains 'alive' and functional. However, the success of this treatment depends on how much the pulp has already been affected by bacteria before the treatment began.
After receiving a deep filling, it is common to experience some temporary sensitivity. Your dentist will monitor the tooth during follow-up visits to ensure the pulp is healing correctly. If you experience persistent or throbbing pain, it is important to contact your registered dentist immediately, as this may indicate the infection has progressed.