Early childhood caries is a severe form of tooth decay that affects infants and toddlers. It often occurs when a child's teeth are frequently exposed to sugary liquids for long periods. In many Indian households, this can happen if a child is put to bed with a bottle containing milk or juice.
When sugar remains on the teeth, bacteria in the mouth produce acids that attack the enamel. Because baby teeth have thinner enamel than adult teeth, decay can spread rapidly. This can lead to discomfort, difficulty eating, and the need for early extractions if the damage is extensive.
To prevent this condition, avoid giving your child sugary drinks in a bottle or sippy cup as a pacifier. If a bottle is needed at bedtime, it should only contain plain water. Encouraging the use of a regular cup as the child nears their first birthday can also reduce the time liquids spend in contact with teeth.
If you notice white spots or dark patches on your child's teeth, consult a registered dentist immediately. Early intervention can stop the progression of decay. Promoting water as the primary drink and limiting sweets are the best ways to protect a young smile from caries.