Oral lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the mucous membranes inside the mouth. It is not an infection and cannot be passed from person to person. The condition occurs when the body’s immune system attacks the cells of the oral lining for reasons that are not yet fully understood. It can appear as white, lacy patches, red tissues, or open sores.
Many people with the lacy white version of the condition may not feel any discomfort. However, if the area becomes red or develops ulcers, it can cause a significant burning sensation or pain, especially when eating spicy, acidic, or crunchy foods. It is important to distinguish lichen planus from other mouth conditions, which usually requires a clinical examination and sometimes a small tissue biopsy by a dentist.
While there is no permanent cure for oral lichen planus, the symptoms can be managed effectively. Dentists may suggest avoiding specific triggers like spicy foods or changing oral hygiene products to reduce irritation. In more symptomatic cases, topical medications may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and discomfort. Regular follow-up appointments are essential to monitor the condition and ensure that the tissues remain healthy.
Patients with oral lichen planus have a slightly higher risk of developing oral cancer in the affected areas. Therefore, long-term monitoring by a registered dental professional is necessary, even if the condition is not currently causing pain. If you notice any new lumps, persistent ulcers, or changes in the appearance of your mouth, you should contact your dentist for an updated evaluation.