Peri-implant diseases are inflammatory conditions that affect the tissues surrounding a dental implant. The first stage is called peri-implant mucositis. This is a reversible inflammation of the gums around the implant, similar to gingivitis in natural teeth. Symptoms include redness, swelling, and bleeding when brushing. At this stage, the bone remains healthy and the problem can usually be resolved with better cleaning.
If left untreated, mucositis can progress to peri-implantitis. This is a more serious condition where the inflammation reaches the bone supporting the implant. As the bone is lost, the implant may become loose and eventually fail. Peri-implantitis is often more difficult to treat than gum disease around natural teeth and may require surgical intervention to clean the area and attempt to regenerate the bone.
The primary cause of these diseases is the buildup of bacterial plaque. Patients who have a history of periodontitis (gum disease) or those who smoke are at a higher risk. In India, the use of various tobacco products is a significant risk factor that patients should address. Regular professional cleanings and diligent daily brushing and flossing are the best ways to prevent these inflammatory conditions.
It is important to monitor your implants daily. If you see blood when you clean around them, do not ignore it. This is a sign that inflammation is present. Contact your dentist for a professional assessment. They can provide specific tools and techniques to help you keep the area free of bacteria and protect your investment in your oral health.