Periodontal flap surgery, also known as pocket reduction surgery, is a procedure recommended for patients with advanced gum disease that has not responded to non-surgical treatments. When gum pockets are too deep to be cleaned by scaling and root planing, surgery may be necessary to reach the bacteria hidden deep against the roots and the supporting bone.
During the procedure, the dentist or periodontist makes small incisions in the gum tissue to gently lift it back, creating a 'flap.' This allows direct access to the roots of the teeth for thorough cleaning and removal of tartar. If the underlying bone has been damaged or becomes irregular due to the infection, the dentist may also smooth the bone to prevent bacteria from gathering there.
Once the area is thoroughly cleaned and the bone is addressed, the gum tissue is positioned back against the tooth and secured with stitches. This process reduces the size of the pockets, making it much easier for you and your dentist to keep the area clean in the future. The goal is to create an environment where the gums can fit snugly around the teeth again.
Following the surgery, it is normal to experience some swelling and sensitivity. Your dentist will provide guidance on oral hygiene practices during the healing period. Because this is a surgical intervention, it is important to have the procedure performed by a registered dentist who can provide the necessary follow-up care to ensure long-term success and gum health.